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In addition to calpain I activity cathepsin
2024-12-24

In addition to calpain I activity, cathepsin activities have been proven to be linked to apoptotic signaling. Cathepsin B and cathepsin D are two of the most abundant and well-investigated lysosome acid-dependent proteases that are involved in the apoptotic regulation (Ferri & Kroemer, 2001). Cathep
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HMGA proteins have also been linked to localized
2024-12-24

HMGA proteins have also been linked to localized changes in chromatin/nucleosome structure and alterations of cellular phenotype during induction of gene transcription in activated T lymphocytes. An adaptive immune response is initiated when naïve resting T lymphocytes encounter their corresponding
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br Acknowledgments and Disclosures br Alzheimer s disease
2024-12-24

Acknowledgments and Disclosures Alzheimer's disease as a synaptic pathology Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative Cell culture additive disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Progressive depositions of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles togeth
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br Applications of ATN in clinical trials In pivotal trials
2024-12-24

Applications of ATN in clinical trials In pivotal trials, the use of biomarkers will also have to be considered in the context of regulatory risk and scrutiny. Although an important intended application of the framework is in research studies, its use will undoubtedly impact clinical development
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In this study we demonstrated that DRR protein level in
2024-12-24

In this study, we demonstrated that DRR1 protein level in GBM tissues was significantly higher compared to normal Gap 26 Cx43 tissues. This data suggested that DRR1 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of glioma. To investigate whether DRR1 could accurately predict the outcome in patients with gl
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br AHR expression in cancer Perhaps the
2024-12-24

AHR expression in cancer Perhaps the earliest indicator that the AHR might play an ongoing role in tumorigenesis, independent of its role in generating mutations, was the demonstration that non-genotoxic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo(p)dioxin (TCDD) is a carcinogen in animals and humans [7]. Althoug
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The results of cell culture models were further
2024-12-24

The results of cell culture models were further supported by in vivo studies in mice treated with PXR and/or AhR agonists, PCN and β-NF. In these mice, AhR-regulated cyp1a1, and cyp1a2 were suppressed by PXR activation as determined by real time Q-PCR (Fig. 3). The level of PXR mRNA was not changed
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Further evidence for action mechanism
2024-12-24

Further evidence for action mechanism was provided by assays using [3H]nisoxetine, a selective NET inhibitor used as standard radioligand for competitive binding experiments. The results showed dose-dependent blocking of [3H]nisoxetine binding by both xylazine and dexmedetomidine. Nisoxetine binds t
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Among all the compounds the novel
2024-12-24

Among all the compounds, the novel L-748,337 derivative (23d) showed the potent human β3-AR antagonist activity and high lipolysis inhibitory activity in vitro. The Fulvestrant breast cancer drug 23d displayed 23-fold more potent β3-AR antagonist activity (EC50 = 0.5117 nM) than that of L-748,337 (
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br Acknowledgements This work was
2024-12-23

Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program (2012BAD19B01) and General Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2015M581754). Introduction Cough is one of the most important defensive reflex brought into actio
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Additionally regulation of GPCR heteromerization by specific
2024-12-23

Additionally, regulation of GPCR heteromerization by specific ligands may depend not only on the affinity of ligands for receptors, but also on presence of different interacting proteins co-localizing with the receptors in the specific cell, which may induce some conformational changes and contribut
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Introduction The first use of the term autophagy
2024-12-23

Introduction The first use of the term “autophagy” by a French physiologist, M. Anselmier, in a short article describing the effects of fasting in mice published in 1859, took place almost a century before Christian De Duve described it from a mechanistic point of view in a symposium on lysosomes i
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Although plant Aurora kinases can be clearly grouped
2024-12-23

Although plant Aurora kinases can be clearly grouped into functional clades, the roles of the respective clades does not seem to be evolutionarily conserved. AtAurora 1 labels kinetochore microtubules [19], similarly to mammalian Aurora A, while its targeting to the cell plate resembles features of
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Several in vivo and in vitro studies have
2024-12-23

Several in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated changes in bioactive lipid profiles under hyperglycemic conditions and have linked these changes with increased leukocyte adhesion and vascular dysfunction during diabetes. This input has originated partly from lipidomic studies that showed elev
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br Introduction The apelin receptor
2024-12-23

Introduction The apelin receptor (angiotensin receptor-like 1, APJ) is a seven transmembrane receptor (7TMR) that belongs to the class A peptidergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) superfamily [1]. The endogenous ligands of APJ are the different isoforms of apelin (namely apelin-13, −17, and −
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